Energy Capacity to do work Kinetic Energy possessed by an object because it is in motion Potential/Chemical Potential Stored energy: the energy an object has because of its location or chemical structure Study of energy and its transformations System Object being studied Three Types Isolated System Does not exchanged matter or energy with surroundings Ex.…
The reaction quotient is an equation that allows us to determine whether a system is at equilibrium or not. The equation is the same as the equilibrium law except the concentrations are initial concentrations instead of equilibrium concentrations. If Q = K the system is at equilibrium If Q > K, the system will shift…
Where K is the equilibrium constant, A,B,C,D are the equilibrium concentrations of aqueous/gaseous compounds, a,b,c,d are the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. The equilibrium constant is related to the rate constants of the forward and reverse reactions. It is always the same for a given reaction at a given temperature. Since k changes with…
The chemical reactions of metabolism are reversible, and they, too, would reach equilibrium if they occurred in the isolation of a test tube. Because systems at equilibrium are at a minimum of G and can do no work, a cell that has reached metabolic equilibrium is dead. A cell in our body is not in…
an indicator is an acid or a base that has a different colour from that of its conjugate general reaction for an acid indicator at equilibrium in an aqueous solution:
If an equilibrium in a system is upset, the system will tend to react in a direction that will re-establish equilibrium 1) Adding or Removing a Reactant or Product – reaction shifts in a direction that will remove a substance added or replace a substance removed 2) Changes of Temperature – increasing temperature shifts a…
Entropy, S, is the tendency towards randomness or disorder in a system – an ordered arrangement of particles has a lower entropy/disorder than the same number of particles in random arrangements Entropy becomes more disordered with: 1.) ^ Temperature – more chaotic motion 2.) ^ Volume of gases 3.) change in phys. State A change…