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Lab Explained: Properties of the Ionic Compounds

Research Question: What are some of the properties of ionic compounds? Background: Ionic compounds are formed from a crystal lattice, a cation ionically bonded with anion in an alternating three-dimensional pattern, whose bond strength determines the compound’s properties. Ionic crystals have high melting and boiling points. They conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted.…

Lab Answers: Concentration of Salt Solution Affects the Change in Mass of a Cylinder of Potato?

Background Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high-concentration region to a low-concentration region (Guyton and Hall, 2021). Only the free water molecules in the solution can move; the solute molecules remain stationary (Raven, Johnson, and Mason, 2014). Osmosis continues until the concentration of water molecules on either side of the membrane reaches…

The Implications of The Prisoner’s Dilemma

The ‘prisoner’s dilemma’ is a hypothetical situation often used in the context of Hobbes’ Social Contract Theory. It is a seemingly simple situation which carries significant implications which add to the understanding of Hobbes’ conception of the state of nature as a “‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short’” (Rachels, 2012, p. 83) state of war,…

Ammonium Chloride (NH4CL) Solubility: Lab Explained

Model 1: What impact does temperature have on NH4CL solubility in water? Model 2: How will changing the limiting reactant impact the procedure’s outcome? Model 3: How does the number of intermediates involved in the reaction affect the accuracy of Hess’s Law’s prediction of the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction? Introduction Three different experiments…

Investigating the Properties of Concave and Convex Lenses: Lab Report Asnwers

PURPOSE The purpose of the experiment is to validate the lens equation and the magnification equation by measuring the image distance from a fixed focal length and the object distance from the thin lens using concave and convex lenses. QUESTION How does an object’s image position and size (magnification) vary with different object distances from…

Percent Composition Lab Explained & Answers

In this experiment, you will determine the mass percent of carbon produced in the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate produced from the following chemical equation: Reacting sodium bicarbonate (sodium hydrogen carbonate) with sulfuric acid will produce a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas. According to the Law of Definite Composition, the mass percentage of carbon produced…