Random change Key factors that can cause evolution: –Small populations are more variable to changes in allele frequencies -non-random mating opportunities result in only those “preferred” traits being passed onto future populations –new alleles may be created when mutations occur (changes the frequencies of new and original alleles) -migration causes changes in the relative abundance…
Change in an organisms physical structure or behaviour that improves its ability to survive in their habitat Anything that helps an organism survives in its environment is an adaptation Adaptation also refers to organisms’ ability to adjust to various conditions within its environment Examples: change in size of birds beak, development of sharp teeth and…
Introduction Acidic pollutants can be deposited from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface in wet and dry forms. The common term to describe this process is acid deposition. The term acid precipitation is used to specifically describe wet forms of acid pollution that can be found in rain, sleet, snow, fog, and cloud vapor. An…
January-Twelfth Night Celebrated evening of January 5 Celebrates the end of Christmas February-Valentines Day February 14th was the day of Valentines Day. Celebrates love. March – Easter Easter was suppose to resemble religious mysteries and the humans urges we have towards light and warmth April- All Fool’s Day Celebrated April 1 Everything is backwards on…
Art Paintings showed nature and peoples feelings Artists studied perspective, and used types of form, colour, and shape Paintings became more realistic and less religious Artists – Leonardo Da Vinci: Born in 1452 in the village of Vinci Most famous works are The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper Died in 1519 Michelangelo Buonarroti: Born…
The Qur’an -“Qur’an” means recitation -The revelations that Muhammad received through Gabriel are literally the Word of God -This distinguishes it from other sacred writings (e.g. the Torah, the Bible) -Even translations from Arabic are considered suspect -The Qur’an was revealed to Muhammad over a period of 23 years -He remembered them and taught his…
Islam shares a common history with Christianity and Judaism up until the time of Abraham. Muslims believe that the Prophet Muhammad is a descendant of Ishmael, the son that Abraham had with Hagar and then banished. Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad are all considered to be prophets who attempted to reveal Allah’s will to humankind.…
Muslim belief can be summarized in a creed called the Shahadah: “There is no god but God and Muhammad is the messenger of God” This idea is central to Islam, and all other beliefs and traditions are based on it God God’s proper name is Allah Allah is omnipresent (all-present), omniscient (all-knowing), and omnipotent (all-powerful)…
Origins Christianity began in the land of Palestine (Israel), primarily in Galilee and Judaea. Founded by Jesus of Nazareth (c. 4 BCE – c. 29 CE), who has left no writings of his own. Jesus began teaching and healing around the age of thirty. Jesus was born a Jew who prescribed changes within Judaism. Jesus…
The Great Schism 1054 It is often stated that the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church was founded at the time of this great schism. That is false. The One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church was ruled by five patriarchs: those of Rome, Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria, and Jerusalem, each having authority over bishops…
Within a few generations of Jesus’ death, Christianity had spread from the middle east to Greece and Rome 325 CE, the Emperor of Rome organized a council of religious leaders at Nicea (a city in modern-day Turkey) The idea was to decide on the official beliefs of the Christian Church. This meeting produced the Nicene…
There is one God who is the creator of everything God is immaterial (without form) God governs the universe with honour and justice Therefore, humanity has an obligation to worship God Jewish Practices and Rituals The Synagogue: Place of worship and study Sometimes called “Shul” (Yiddish for school) The Torah Scroll: Holy book Most sacred…
Smallest (about 14 million) of the major world’s religions Why study it then? – Long history of persecution that we can learn from, and Judaism has made a huge contribution to Western philosophy and religious thinking. Oldest of the Abrahamic faiths, dating back about 4000 years Shares a history and mythology with Christianity and Islam…
The Buddha chose the symbol of an eight-spoked wheel to represent the path to Nirvana The center of the wheel represents Nirvana, the only fixed point Just like the spokes are needed to let the wheel turn, Buddhists need to follow each step of the path to reach Nirvana Each path is used not individually,…
The Buddha observed that no one is free from death and unhappiness (dukkha) Buddha looked for the source of that unhappiness (like a doctor looking for the source of an illness) These are the four noble truths, and they are central to understanding Buddhism Some people see great wisdom in these truths; others find them…
School Geography Thoughts Rituals Theravada Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia “the way of the elders” Conservative Do not worship Buddha as a god. Meditation Mahayana China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan “the greater vehicle” Older forms of the religion. Liberal Heavens are populated with Buddha or divinities to whom people can pray. Bodhisattvas. -the buddha is the…
Most Buddhist devotions are not performed in a temple, instead people have a place of worship in their homes The temple is usually reserved for important celebrations Puja – showing reverence for holy beings by bowing, making offering and chanting (e.g. showing reverence for a Bodhisattva – a person who has attained Nirvana but chooses…
History · Their theology has had a great impact on Judaism, Christianity and other later religions, in the beliefs surrounding God and Satan, the soul, heaven and hell, saviour, resurrection, final judgment, etc. · It is one of the oldest religions still in existence, · It may have been the first monotheistic religion. · The…
History Jains believe that their founder, Vardhamana Mahavira (599-527 BCE) is the last of 24 holy teachers who came to teach the way of self mastery. Mahavira is not looked at exactly as a religious founder, but rather as a teacher who came to re-establish what had previously been taught Mahavira was a jina or…
Confucius was a contemporary of Lao Tzu, they had similar philosophies (e.g. the importance of harmony and balance) Confucius mastered the six arts: ritual, music, archery, charioteering, caligraphy and arithmetic His father died when he was a child, his mother died when Confucius was in his early 20’s. After this, he became a teacher and…
