Pathogen – a disease causing organisms – May be: – viral (HIV, chicken pox) – bacterial (TB, strep) – fungal (athletes foot) – Protozoan (malaria = plasmodium) – Flatworm – Roundworm How to get infected? – airborne; waterborne; food; insect transmission; STI; skin Barriers to infection – skin, mucous membranes Specific defenses – production of…
Evolution describes the changes in the gene pool of a species over time. These changes are the results of mutations, natural selection and genetic drift. Often populations produce more offspring than the environment can support; in other words, they often exceed the carrying capacity. Over-production of offspring leads to intraspecific competition and survival of the…
Genetics Definitions Genes: portion of the DNA molecule that codes for a particular protein. Loci: location in the DNA molecule of the gene Alleles: forms of a gene Homozygous: paired alleles are identical Heterozygous: paired alleles are different Genotype: set of all alleles (i.e. genetic expression) Phenotype: all observable traits (i.e. physical expression) Genome: The…
A summary is a concise version of an original text. What is a good summary? 1. A good summary should give an objective outline of the whole piece of writing. It should answer basic questions about the original text such as “Who did what, where, and when?”, or “What is the main idea of the…
Deterrence theory contains principles about justice which many of us find attractive because it conforms to what we recognize as fairness. The wicked should be punished –quickly –to the extent that pain will deter them from committing a crime again. Deterrence theory so permeates our thinking that we recognize it as the model by which…
Electric Current (the movement of electrons) in a wire can produce a force at a distance (a field) on metals made of any combination of Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt. This is an electromagnet. All neutral atoms have electrons moving in orbits. Some atoms (Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt) have an electron arrangement that act like tiny…
DNA or nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of 3 molecules: a 5-carbon sugar (pentose) either deoxyribose (in DNA) or ribose (in RNA) a phosphate attached at the #5 carbon of the sugar an organic or nitrogenous base – a nitrogen containing ring structure – attached at the #1 carbon of…
In chemistry, isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas. The word is derived from the Greek ισομερης, isomerès; isos = “equal”, méros = “part”. There are many different classes of isomers, like stereoisomers, enantiomers, geometrical isomers (see chart below). Isomers do not necessarily share similar properties, unless they also have…
Water is a unique substance essential to life. It is the most abundant molecule in any cell. The human body is 55-78% composed of water. 1. Polar Molecule – A polar covalent bond is formed between oxygen and hydrogen. The oxygen atom is slightly negative and the hydrogen is slightly positive due to unequal sharing…
VIII Then, the elderly man said, “I have a story that will make you believe in God.” 6 The reason death sticks so closely to life isn’t biological necessity – it’s envy. Life is so beautiful that death has fallen in love with it, a jealous, possessive love that grabs at what it can. But…
The term “modernism” designates a movement in art, literature and music, beginning in the 19thC and lasting into the 20thC, ending approximately with WW II. Art which is modernist may possess the following 12 characteristics: it is psychological in nature and attempts to render individual consciousness or a more subjective reality its depiction of time…
The character of Beloved is a paradigm for an angry, painful sense of memory and suffering. She starts out as a vengeful, willful ghost who haunts Sethe, the woman who gave birth to and also killed her in the past. As soon as Sethe encounters Beloved, while she doesn’t seem to understand or react emotionally…
Existentialists believe that man’s own individual experience or “existing” comes before anything such as a general purpose, goodness or “truth,” or any other Absolute that may be felt to exist. Man creates himself through his own thoughts and actions since the only reality for an individual is that of his own personal existence and nothing…
The Headline Summarise the key information in ten words or less Grab readers’ attention Make main idea clear Compel readers to read on Example — Night says Goodnight: Oxford Professor Fired Over Plagiarism Scandal Opening Paragraph (Summary Lead) Explain the five Ws and one H of the event: all essential info is here Include the…
HAMLET’S STRUCTURE: Like most of Shakespeare’s plays, the act divisions of later editions of Hamlet have little relation to the play’s structure, and there is no break between some scenes. In terms of production, Hamlet has three major movements: Movement One (I.i-I.v). This section sets the action in motion in three main rhythms: 1. the…
Fundamental Freedoms Reflect civil liberties that imply we are free to do what is not prohibited by law These include: (a) freedom of conscience and religion; (b) freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of the press and other media of communication; (c) freedom of peaceful assembly; and (d) freedom of association. Food…
1. Setting in a castle. The action takes place in and around an old castle, sometimes seemingly abandoned, sometimes occupied. The castle often contains secret passages, trap doors, secret rooms, dark or hidden staircases, and possibly ruined sections. 2. An atmosphere of mystery and suspense. The work is pervaded by a threatening feeling, a fear…
1. Infinitely striving for the unattainable. Trying to achieve something that will never be real. Enjoying the act of always wanting what you can’t have. 2. Powerful love. Heart stirring, often sudden, emotions create a life or death commitment. 3. Uncertainty of reciprocation of love. What is the beloved thinking? Is the lover’s love returned…
Homicide: killing another human being, either directly or indirectly Non-Culpable Homicide: is not criminal and occurs when death is caused by complete accident or in self-defence First Degree Murder: – is planned and deliberate (considered, not impulsive) – victim is a law enforcement agent – occurs while another offensive crime is being committed – occurs…
Activities protected by human rights legislation include employment, accommodation and facilities, and meeting special needs. 1. Employment Everyone has a right to “equal treatment with respect to employment” in the job application process, as well as in training, transfers, promotions, apprenticeship, dismissal, and layoffs. CONSTRUCTIVE AND DIRECT DISCRIMINATION Constructive Discrimination – employment policies that inadvertently…