*Billions of galaxies make up the universe, which, according to the big bang model, formed between 10 & 20 billion years ago. After today’s lecture, you should be able to: -Tell what a galaxy is and describe the various types of galaxies. -Explain the origin of the universe according to the big bang model. A)…
*Astronomers analyze light from objects in space in order to learn about the composition and movement of the objects. After today’s lecture, you should be able to: – Describe the characteristics of electromagnetic radiation. – Explain ways of analyzing light in order to get information about stars. – Explain the Doppler Effect and how it…
A great cloud of gas and dust (called a nebula) begins to collapse and spin Nebula begins to flatten into a spinning pancake shape with a bulge at the center This is due to forces of gravity and rotation Further collapse causes certain regions to condense into the sun, planets, and moons In the center…
*The sun affects our lives in more ways than we can imagine (even though it is about 150 million km away!): produces heat, light, energy for photosynthesis, food, wind, ocean currents, tides, radiation, weather, etc. After today’s lecture, you should be able to: -Explain the structure of the sun and its energy source. -Describe the…
*The moon travels in a regular and predictable motion. After today’s lecture, you should be able to: -Describe the motions of the moon. -Explain the reason the moon goes through phases. -Analyze how the Earth-moon-sun geometry causes lunar and solar eclipses. *Like the sun, the moon rises in the east and sets in the west,…
*Earth’s nearest neighbor in the universe is the moon! After today’s lecture, you should be able to: Explain various hypotheses about how the moon formed. Describe features and properties of the moon. Astronomy: the study of the universe The 1st probes landed on the moon in 1959. The 1st people landed on the moon in…
The water in the ocean is constantly on the move. These movements, called ocean currents, usually involve large water masses and may flow at the surface or far below it. Ocean Current: any continuous flow of water along a broad path in the ocean Surface Current: an ocean current that generally flows in the upper…
Oceans cover most (~70%) of Earth’s surface, thus, Earth is sometimes called the ‘water planet’. Oceans affect all our lives by providing food, allowing transport of goods, and affecting weather and climate. Oceanography: the scientific study of the ocean and seas Properties of Water *Water is an extremely unique compound! -Solid water (ice) is actually…
Wind: the horizontal movement of air –Useful in many ways: 1. moderates surface temperatures 2. distributes moisture 3. cleanses the atmosphere -Wind is constantly blowing across Earth’s surface! –What sets the air into motion? *Differences in air pressure! -Air wants to flow from an area of high-pressure to an area of low-pressure. *For example: When…
Air Pressure: the force of air molecules exerted on a given area; the weight of the atmosphere as it pushes down upon Earth’s surface -Exerted in all directions because air molecules move in all directions. –Why aren’t we crushed by its weight? Because as the air is pushing in all around us, there are forces…
*Water is the ONLY substance on Earth to commonly exist in all 3 states of matter! 1. solid– ↓ 0°C; ice, snow, hail, frost 2. liquid– 0°→100°C; rain, cloud droplets, dew 3. gas– ↑ 100°C; water vapor (The bubbles in boiling water!) *You can feel water vapor as humidity in the air! The more humid…
As you read through William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, make note of the following items in each chapter. Make you responses as complete as possible. Section One: Chapter 1 How the boys got to the island Difference of Ralph and Piggy’s attitudes to the island What precedes the novel Role of the conch Attempts…
Where does English come from? history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the 5th century AD. the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a…
~ SHAKESPEAREAN LANGAUGE ~ Language Structure Verse – rhythm and rhyme used to help actors remember their lines, based on Greek tradition. Prose – ordinary form of written language, all language not in verse. Iamb – one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. (i.e. aLIKE) Iambic Pentameter – A line of verse that consists…
I THE DRAMATIC PURPOSE OF A SCENE A specific scene in the play may be said to have dramatic purpose if it achieves one or more of the following: ¨ The revelation of the nature of important characters ¨ The revelation of opposition to or loyalty to an important character ¨ The linking of…
Rule 1. Use quotation marks and commas to separate speech from the speech tags. Example: -“Hello,” he said. -He said hello. -“I’m here,” she whispered. Rule 2. Quotation marks (?) and exclamation points (!) go inside quotation marks and can take the place of commas. Example: -“Who are you?” she asked. -He shouted, “Damn!” Rule…
Foreshadowing: clues in a story that hint about what is going to happen later in the plot -used to arouse the reader’s curiosity, to build suspense, and to help prepare the reader to accept events that occur later in the story Point of View: the perspective from which a story is told. There are three…
Organisms and Their Environment What is Ecology? –Ecology: The scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environments *Ecology reveals relationships among living and nonliving parts of the world! Ex- what a coyote eats; -how day length influences the behavior of migrating birds; -how shrimp help rid ocean fishes of parasites; -how acid rain threatens…
Viruses *Viruses and bacteria are present everywhere – in the air, on the ground, in the water, on inanimate objects, and even in and around your body. -Some of these microorganisms are important in nature’s nutrient cycles and in the food and pharmaceutical industries, while others can cause diseases. What is a virus? Virus: a…
The Record of Life *Everything changes over time. The Earth has changed dramatically during the estimated 4.6 billion years it has existed. – All of the biodiversity present on Earth today is a result of the evolution of unicellular organisms that lived billions of years ago. – Evolution: the change in populations over time – …