The word “psychoanalysis” is derived from the Greek word “psychoanalysis” (psyche – soul, analysis – to investigate). Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory that emphasizes the survival in the subconscious of natural urges suppressed by the consciousness. This term refers to a style of psychotherapy that arose from Sigmund Freud’s and Josef Breuer’s cathartic method. Psychoanalysis…
“She’s such a narcissist”, “That was so narcissistic of them!”, “God, he has such a narcissistic personality.” and so on. We all have heard these statements in our day-to-day lives. But not many of us understand what it means to have this personality disorder. And before you all dive in, no, having self-confidence or being…
Students mill through school grounds, all dressed in the latest fashions and trends. Although they may not think twice about their clothing, other than how fashionable they are, there is another factor that affects their dress for school, dress codes. Dress codes in North America have come under fire in recent years, amid arguments that…
The existential theory is a 20th-century philosophy that is concerned with the scrutiny of human existence in the world. The fundamental existentialist viewpoint is that humans exist first, and everyone spends their lives changing their nature and essence. Humans are conscious entities, and it is this consciousness that determines their existence. The second nature of the…
Gyn/ecology is the title for Mary Daly’s third book that is considered the most radical of all her publications. Daly characteristically redefined old words or coined new ones with the intention of undermining patriarchal attitudes. She creates such words because none are available in the ordinary language to help her relay the meaning of what…
Nietzsche’s opines that there are two different moralities; the master and slave morality that appears universally in society and are always in conflict with each other. According to the philosopher, people with a stronger will and more ambitions possess master morality. These individuals are also open-minded, risk-takers, influencers, and have high self-esteem. Master morality, stresses…
Since the recognition of psychology as a discipline, scholars have developed various theories to explain cognitive development in humans. While theorists unanimously agree that every human being is cognitively special and unique, they have recognized that the development follows some general pattern, which is documented in various theories. Among such models is Jean Piaget’s Theory…
Definition of sampling: “In research terms, a sample is a group of people, objects, or items that are taken from a larger population for measurement. The sample should be representative of the population to ensure that we can generalize the findings from the research sample to the population as a whole”. Type of sampling: There…
Generally, learning is defined as any relatively permanent change in knowledge, behavior and thinking skills, which comes through experience. Over the years psychology has played an important role in how learning and education take place, be it formulating the curriculum, instructional design, or policies related to education. Hence it is paramount to understand the learning…
The origins of the field of Educational Psychology can be traced back to the experimental and empirical work on association and sensory activity by the anthropologist Sir Francis Galton, and the American psychologist G. Stanley Hall, who wrote The Contents of Children’s Minds (1883). Other major theorists in the early history of the field include William James, John…
From reviewing social studies journals, there seems to be a regular occurrence of Kieran Egan, an educational theorist at Simon Fraser University. While he is employed in British Columbia, he has written numerous pieces that can be viewed by American social studies educators. In many of his articles, Egan expresses that educators would be “educationally…
Realism can be defined according to various disciplines but In International Relations, political realism is a tradition of analysis that stresses the imperatives states face to pursue a power politics of the national interest. Political realism or realpolitik is the one of the oldest and most frequently used theories in international relations when dealing with…
What is Feminism? Feminism according to Luglio, 1970 is a collection of movements aimed at defining, establishing and defending equal, political, economic and social rights of women. In addition, feminism seeks to establish opportunities for women in education and employment. Feminism according to different authors stand as a domain to achieve a stand against patriarchy…
The soldier is highly revered when he dies for his country. He is labeled as a “true patriot”, a man that went to ultimate lengths for his nation. While the term “patriot” is used ubiquitously, its meaning remains in fluctuation. According to renowned former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt, “[t]rue patriotism [is the] belief in the…
Karl Popper is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of science in the 20th century. He created concepts that developed scientific methodology, notably his empirical falsification that impacted the way we prove/ disprove theories in science today, it completely changes (makes it more accurate) how we qualify the status of scientific truth since it…
Utilitarianism is, simply put, “the greatest happiness of the greatest number”. It is a consequentialist theory of ethics that has majorly impacted moral philosophy in modern times. It maximizes utility, the usefulness of an action, meaning how much pleasure and pain that action brings. There are two main types of utilitarianism that have their own…
The word democracy is coined from the Greek words demos (people) and kratos (rule), literally meaning ‘rule of the people.’ Democracy is mainly used as a political system, and therefore becomes important to define accurately, as many countries claim to be a democracy. For example, both Iran and America declare their electoral process and government…
“We realize the importance of our voices only when we are silenced.” -Malala Yousafzai (quotes.thefamouspeople.com). Malala Yousafzai is a well-known education activist who fights for children, mainly girls, all around the world so they can get an education. She grew up in and around school because her father is a teacher and an education advocate…
Eating disorders are a widely known problem today. Body standards and self-images are very important to many people. It is common for models to develop eating disorders because it is part of their job to keep a slim figure. Some argue that the fashion industry is a possible cause of this. The fashion industry can…
Karl Marx was a German economist philosopher and sociologist best known for his theory on capitalism and communism. Marxism is a conflict perspective that challenged functionalism which was developed by Emile Durkheim and became quite instrumental in the 1940s. Marx proposed a system in his book, ‘the communist manifesto’ which gained a lot of support…