Within a few generations of Jesus’ death, Christianity had spread from the middle east to Greece and Rome 325 CE, the Emperor of Rome organized a council of religious leaders at Nicea (a city in modern-day Turkey) The idea was to decide on the official beliefs of the Christian Church. This meeting produced the Nicene…
There is one God who is the creator of everything God is immaterial (without form) God governs the universe with honour and justice Therefore, humanity has an obligation to worship God Jewish Practices and Rituals The Synagogue: Place of worship and study Sometimes called “Shul” (Yiddish for school) The Torah Scroll: Holy book Most sacred…
Smallest (about 14 million) of the major world’s religions Why study it then? – Long history of persecution that we can learn from, and Judaism has made a huge contribution to Western philosophy and religious thinking. Oldest of the Abrahamic faiths, dating back about 4000 years Shares a history and mythology with Christianity and Islam…
The Buddha chose the symbol of an eight-spoked wheel to represent the path to Nirvana The center of the wheel represents Nirvana, the only fixed point Just like the spokes are needed to let the wheel turn, Buddhists need to follow each step of the path to reach Nirvana Each path is used not individually,…
The Buddha observed that no one is free from death and unhappiness (dukkha) Buddha looked for the source of that unhappiness (like a doctor looking for the source of an illness) These are the four noble truths, and they are central to understanding Buddhism Some people see great wisdom in these truths; others find them…
School Geography Thoughts Rituals Theravada Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia “the way of the elders” Conservative Do not worship Buddha as a god. Meditation Mahayana China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan “the greater vehicle” Older forms of the religion. Liberal Heavens are populated with Buddha or divinities to whom people can pray. Bodhisattvas. -the buddha is the…
Most Buddhist devotions are not performed in a temple, instead people have a place of worship in their homes The temple is usually reserved for important celebrations Puja – showing reverence for holy beings by bowing, making offering and chanting (e.g. showing reverence for a Bodhisattva – a person who has attained Nirvana but chooses…
History · Their theology has had a great impact on Judaism, Christianity and other later religions, in the beliefs surrounding God and Satan, the soul, heaven and hell, saviour, resurrection, final judgment, etc. · It is one of the oldest religions still in existence, · It may have been the first monotheistic religion. · The…
History Jains believe that their founder, Vardhamana Mahavira (599-527 BCE) is the last of 24 holy teachers who came to teach the way of self mastery. Mahavira is not looked at exactly as a religious founder, but rather as a teacher who came to re-establish what had previously been taught Mahavira was a jina or…
Confucius was a contemporary of Lao Tzu, they had similar philosophies (e.g. the importance of harmony and balance) Confucius mastered the six arts: ritual, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and arithmetic His father died when he was a child, his mother died when Confucius was in his early 20’s. After this, he became a teacher and…
Origins -Archaeological evidence suggests humans came to North America approximately 14,000 years ago, across the Bering land bridge -Most First Nations creation stories suggest that people have simply always been here (e.g. The Haida people’s Raven story, Iroquois people’s turtle island story Beliefs -Many First Nations people practice Christianity – a reminder of the impact…
Religion as Belief Belief in what? The truth and existence of God(s) and/or Goddess(es) Cosmic Order? Afterlife? “Something out there” Truth contained in religious texts, doctrines (beliefs), and/or ethics? Why do people believe? What convinces them of their belief? What does this sort of belief do for the believer? Religion as Rite (practice) Sacraments, prayer,…
What is “abnormal”? Mental disorders are characterized by abnormal behaviour, thoughts and feelings “abnormal” – any departure from the norm (different) Examples?? Pejorative connotation – characteristics we dislike or fear Behaviour is maladaptive Causes distress or discomfort, often interfere with people’s ability to lead useful, productive lives, make it impossible for people to hold jobs,…
Introduction: Real name: Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt Was a German medical doctor, psychologist, physiologist, and professor. Widely known as the father of experimental psychology Studied at many universities in Germany especially in medicine the first one in history to be called a ‘psychologist’ Best Known for: Voluntarism Introspection (observation or examination of one’s own mental and…
At a young age… Noam Chomsky was born in Philadelphia, the older son of a professor of Hebrew who had emigrated from Russia in 1913. From early childhood he always displayed linguistic carefulness At 10 he was able to read his father’s edition of a Hebrew grammar of the 13th century School life… In 1945…
She was born in September 16, 1885 and died in December 04, 1952. She is Specialized In sexuality. She married a law student Oscar Horney in 1909. She graduated from university of Berlin in 1913 as a medical student. She taught psychoanalysis at university of Berlin and New York medical college. She is one of…
John Broadus Watson John B. Watson was an important contributor to classical behaviorism. He is often known as the “father of behaviorism”, which paved the path for B.F Skinner. He was a professor of psychology at Johns Hopkins University. He is also listed as one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century, although…
Schemas – the representation in the mind of a set of perceptions, ideas, and/or actions, which go together Assimilation – putting a new object into an old schema Accommodation – putting an old object to a new schema Conservation – objects or sets of objects stay the same even if it changes or looks different…
His Personal Life Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born September 14, 1849 in the tiny village of Ryazan in Central Russia. He was born into a very religious family, the eldest of 10 children. His father, Peter Dmitrievich Pavlov was the village priest, and his mother Varvara Ivanovna Pavlova, was the daughter of a priest. With…
Biography Carl Jung was born in Thurgau Switzerland July 26 1875 and died June 6th 1961 at the age of 85. Carl Jung was born Karle Gustav II Jung in Kesswil, in the Swiss canton (or county) of Thurgau, as the fourth but only surviving child of Paul Achilles Jung and Emilie Preiswerk. His father…