The controversy over what determines who we are, whether it is Nature (heredity, our biological make up) or Nurture (our environment) is taking a new shape. Through the past decades, psychologists have developed different theories to explain the characteristics of human-beings; how we feel, think and behave. Usually, these theories were one directional in the…
The history of the United States is one of duality. In the words of the Declaration of Independence, our nation was founded on the principles of equality in life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Yet, long before the founders of the newly declared state met in Philadelphia to espouse the virtues of self-determination and…
The popular form of substance dualism was adopted after the difficulties of Cartesian dualism could not be overcome. Rene Descartes stated that the nonphysical and the physical could not interact. this became a problem in dualism since the nonphysical mind needed to interact with the physical body. These difficulties provided a motive for the move…
What is philosophy? What does a philosopher really do? Questions like these can be answered in a review of Philosophy Now. What can possibly be answered…..questions which have them. And what is it that philosophers study? Generally, most philosophers study questions in which there is no rational or justifiable answer. And the type of articles…
Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. This formula is a two part test. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rational beings. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it to…
In the past decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of women participating in the labor force. This expansion has unfortunately shown how women are still being treated as inferior citizens when comparing their wages and the jobs they are hired for to that of men. Many women in similar occupations as…
The issue of gender inequality is one which has been publicly reverberating through society for decades. The problem of inequality in employment being one of the most pressing issues today. In order to examine this situation one must try to get to the root of the problem and must understand the sociological factors that cause…
Surrogate parenting refers to an arrangement between a married couple who is unable to have a child because of the wife’s infertility and a fertile woman who agrees to conceive the husband’s child through artificial insemination, carry it to term, and then surrender all parental rights in the child. Often, the surrogate mother receives compensation…
This paper will focus on the social and cultural conditions that intensify or perpetuate rape. The causes and reasons for rape are deeply entrenched in our social structure. We can explore some of the motivations and circumstances which lead men to rape. We have learned that some men rape out of anger and a need…
In “Boys and girls: The development of gender roles,” Beale gives us revealing overview of Freud’s personality theory. Beale point out both strengths and weaknesses of his answer to the questions of “Why” and “How” in gender development, but still leaves a chance for a reader to make up her/his own mind about whether or…
The Bible and the church have been the greatest stumbling blocks in the way of woman’s emancipation. A famous 19th century feminist named Elizabeth Cady Stanton voiced this about her struggle for women’s freedom. Women, considered a lower class than the men, wanted this subjugation changed. Part of the reason for the subjugation of women…
Christianity is a religion in which events are claimed to have occurred but which can never be proved. Those who practice it live by different morals than are preached by the most holy texts. It is an institution in which the most Holy Scripture is contradictory, and wherein the Supreme Being, by the very definition,…
This is a brief psychological overview of the healing process. The image of healing is best described by Gloria Vanderbilt in “A Mother’s Story” when she talks of breaking the invisible unbreakable glass bubble which enclosed her that kept her always anticipating loss with echoes of all past losses. She wrote, for example (Page 3),”Some…
The United States held 1,860,520 inmates in 1999. That was an increase of 58,333 from 1998 meaning an increase of 1,122 inmates a week. Locking up adult men against their will, in circumstances which take them away from normal personal and sexual relationships and home, family, and community responsibilities, and throw them together with a…
This paper is going to discuss two Early Childhood Educators who are important in acknowledging the development in children. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky theories are what the Constructivist Model is based on. The author has chosen to discuss Piaget and Vygotsky as we will see in this paper that these two men have very…
The social status of women in ancient Greece was a very limited one, to say the least. In an era where women were little better than domestic slaves, there were few supporters of any kind of equality for them. One of these rare supporters, surprisingly, was none other than the great philosopher Plato. His great…
In The Prince, Niccolo Machiavelli presents a view of governing a state that is drastically different from that of humanists of his time. Machiavelli believes the ruling Prince should be the sole authority determining every aspect of the state and put in effect a policy which would serve his best interests. These interests were gaining,…
I. Introduction Presbyterians follow their past all the way back to the Protestant Reformation as well as to the 16th century. Their heritage and a great deal of what they accept as true and have faith in began with the French Lawyer we know as John Calvin whose writings made clear a lot of the…
Sexual addiction, can be better defined if compared with other types of addicts. There is little difference between the voyeur waiting for hours by a window for forty seconds of nudity and the compulsive gambler hunching on a long shot. An alcoholic’s relationship with alcohol becomes more important than family, friends, and work. The relationship…
One of your male co-workers has a revealing photograph of a female on his desk at work. You ask him to remove the picture because it makes you feel uncomfortable. He does not remove the picture. Do you think this is a form of sexual harassment? According to Bertha Brooks, a speaker on the subject…