Roman citizen Physically fit and 1.6m tall Most soldiers joined between 18-20 years old You were expected to stay in the army for 25 years Training & Work Used fighting methods of Greeks (phalanx) but developed own methods in LEGIONS Legions divided into ‘maniples’ (cohorts) which moved in lines effectively in hilly terrain LEGION: basic…
Romans established a REPUBLIC – voters (adult male citizens) elected officials to run the state 3 important groups of citizens helped govern the state: Senate: most influential and powerful, controlling public funds and deciding foreign policies emergency, senators could name a citizen as dictator or absolute ruler for a period of 6 months (complete power…
Scientific drawings are an important part of the science of biology and all biologists must be able to produce good quality scientific drawings regardless of your artistic ability. Drawings not only allow you to record an image of the specimen observed, but more importantly, they help you to remember the specimen as well as the…
Solute: substances that are dissolved in fluid (eg. salt) Solvent: the liquid the solute is dissolved in (eg. water) Passive Transport movement of materials across a cell membrane without energy; Movement along a concentration gradient Diffusion movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration movement will continue until…
Some ways to think about word choice— and sound really smart while you’re figuring it out! Purpose: When analyzing the style of prose or poetry, the opportunity to show off what you know about diction (an author’s word choice) frequently appears. These notes are meant to give you a framework and a vocabulary so that…
Nucleus: Contains most of the genetic info in the eukaryotic cell (some genes are located in mitochondria and chloroplasts) Contains 1 or more nucleolus surrounded by nuclear envelope Nuclear envelope: a double membrane that encloses the nucleus separating its contents from the cytoplasm. Nucleolus – appears as a mass of densely stained granules and fibres…
The word sonnet is Italian for “little song”. Sonnets usually focus on one key idea and are often reflective of emotions. The sonnet is a 14-line lyrical poem with a strict rhyme scheme. The rhyme scheme differs depending on the variety of sonnet. The two main types are: the Elizabethan (or “Shakespearean”) sonnet and the…
The gothic novel was invented almost single-handedly by Horace Walpole, whose The Castle of Otranto (1764) contains essentially all the elements that constitute the genre. Walpole’s novel was imitated not only in the eighteenth century and not only in the novel form, but it has influenced writing, poetry, and even film making up to the…
On December 5, 1945, Flight 19, consisting of five avenger torpedo bombers, disappeared without a trace. The flight plan took them into an area with a name that now sends chills up the spine of many a pilot: the Bermuda Triangle. Despite extensive searching, no evidence of the planes has ever been found. The “triangle,”…
The quantity of energy associated with the formation of one mole of a substance from its elements (in their standard states). The standard states (at SATP) of most elements is solid, except for the gaseous diatomic molecules, H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, and the two liquid elements Hg and Br2. These energies can be looked…
Serbia Serbia of 1914 has been described as an aggressive, backward, and domestically violent nation. Part of the Austrian-Hungarian empire. This empire included five religions and more than a dozen languages. Serbia was one of the chief sources of trouble for Austria-Hungary. Balkan region of Southeastern Europe controlled by A.H. Many of these nations looking…
Created by General Count Alfred von Schlieffen, December 1905 Plan worked in the event of an attack on France one Russia had started to mobilize forces near the German border. In 1905, Shlieffen was chief of the German General Staff. Schlieffen believed that the most decisive area for any future war in Europe would be…
Nearly two-thirds of all people with diagnosable mental disorders do not seek treatment. –Surgeon General’s Report on Mental Illness What is mental illness? Mental illness is a disorderly functioning of the mind Early Explanations Demonology-thought that an evil being possessed a person; use exorcism to cast out evil spirits (e.g. chanting, elaborate prayer, force to…
Temperature Most seeds need a certain degree of warmth to germinate (sprout). Most plants have an optimal (best) range of temperature for growth. Higher: Plants have smaller leaves, thicker cuticles, and wilt is more likely to occur. Lower: Grow lower to the ground, have shorter life cycles, and dish-shaped leaves. Temperature affects moisture and nutrient…
RUDOLF HESS: DEPUTY TO ADOLF HITLER 1894—1987 Acting as Hitler’s private secretary, he transcribed and partially edited Hitler’s book Mein Kampf, and eventually rose to deputy party leader and third in leadership of Germany, after Hitler and Hermann Göring. He would introduce Hitler at Nazi party rallies and held the official title of “Deputy Fuhrer”…
Biological (Medical) Model The mind’s activity depends on the brain whose composition is genetically determined Still acknowledge influences of environment and learning Genetic influences on anxiety and depression Brain structure different in individuals with schizophrenia- process information differently Therapy: Pharmacological treatments (medication) Behavioural Model Focuses on what people do rather than on brain structures and/or…
Typically emphasizes exposure as well as changing problematic patterns of thinking Typically involve- 10 individual or group sessions with a therapist plus homework Has been shown to produce significant improvements Has been combined with drug therapy Agoraphobia: Fear of not being able to escape from a public place if they have a panic attack The…
Debates concerning multiculturalism are sure to spark controversy. In today’s modern societies multicultural views are seen as progressive and those who oppose these ideas are frequently seen as archaic and ignorant. But what is multiculturalism by definition; does it even have one? The sensitive debates surrounding multiculturalism have only emerged in political discussions in recent…
Becoming Human There are two basic approaches to understanding how we develop our personalities – broadly defined as an individual’s relatively stable pattern of behaviours and feelings – and become members of the larger society These are the biological approach and the environmental approach, traditionally referred to as the nature vs. nurture debate o The…
Teams and Teamwork: Decision Making in Teams Decision making – is the process of making choices among alternative courses of action. How Teams make Decisions Decision by lack of response: one idea after another is suggested without any discussion taking place. Decision by authority rule: the leader, manager, committee head, or some authority figure makes…
