• The Internet
  • Large sprawling network on a global scale.
  • A very large sprawling Wide Area Network
  • A network of many networks

A little History…

  • 1960’s
  • Advance Researh Projects Agency (ARPAnet) is a system of linked mainframes
  • Developed by military to ensure communication in times of crisis
  • 1980’s
  • MILNET splits from ARPAnet to form the Internet (INTERconnected NETwork)
  • Access was limited to military and scientists
  • As the Personal Computer (PC) increased in popularity, so did the demand for the access to info stored on computers linked to the internet

ISP

  • Internet Service Provider
  • Most networks lease a connection to the internet from an ISP
  • The ISP in turns typically leases a connection to a larger ISP and continues until the backbone is established
  • How Information is sent
  • Data traffic is controlled by routers which examine information packets to determine where data is to be sent
  • Data packets will travel through many different routers to reach destination
  • For example:
  • Clark wants to send a message via a telephone line to Bruce who uses a cable modem.
  • The packet is sent from Clark to his ISP
  • The ISP examines the packet and forwards the message to its larger ISP through a T1 high speed cable line
  • The larger ISP sends the message to the closest access point on the backbone
  • The back bone send the message to the access point closet to its destination
  • From there, the message travels to another ISP then to the cable company, and finally to Bruce’s cable modem

File Sharing Protocols

  • In order to transmit data over the internet, a number of protocols have been developed
  • Protocols provide a level of standardization so different computers can understand

TCP – Transmission Control Protocol

  • Responsible for breaking data into packets and reassembling them at the other end
  • TCP on sender’s end communicates with TCP at receiver’s end
  • IP – Internet Protocol
  • Responsible for getting packets to the correct address
  • Finding efficient pathways

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