Congress of Vienna: Outcomes

Key Players of Congress of Vienna

• The “Host”  Prince Klemens von Metternich (Aus.)
• Foreign Minister,   Charles Maurice de Tallyrand (Fr.)
• Tsar Alexander I (Rus.)
• King Frederick William III (Prus.)
• Foreign Minister, Viscount Castlereagh (Br.)

Main Objectives

• Its job was to undo everything that Napoléon had done:
• Reduce France to its old boundaries -> frontiers were pushed back to the 1790 level.
• Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible that had lost their thrones during the Napoléonic era.
• Supported the resolution: There is always an alternative to conflict.

Key Principles Established at Vienna

• Balance of Power
• Legitimacy
• Compensation
• Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years.
• France would have to pay an indemnity of 700,000,000 francs.

Changes Made at Vienna

• France was deprived of all territory conquered by Napoléon.
• Russia was given most of the Duchy
  of Warsaw (Poland).
• Prussia was given half of Saxony, parts of Poland, and other German territories.
• A Germanic Confederation of 30+ states (including Prussia) was created from the previous 300, under Austrian rule.
• Austria was given back territory it had lost recently, plus more in Germany and Italy.
• The House of Orange was given the Dutch Republic and the Austrian Netherlands to rule.
• Norway and Sweden were joined.
• The neutrality of Switzerland was guaranteed.
• Hanover was enlarged and made a kingdom.
• Britain was given Cape Colony, South Africa, and various other colonies in Africa and Asia.
• Sardinia was given Piedmont, Nice, Savoy, and Genoa.
• The Bourbon Ferdinand I was restored in the Two Sicilies.
• The Duchy of Parma was given to Marie Louise.
• The slave trade was condemned (at British urging).
• Freedom of navigation was guaranteed for many rivers.