La Nina- Pacific temperature cooler than normal
- Last 9-12 months
- Pacific Ocean drops 3-5 degrees
- Reoccurs every 3-7 years
- Cause by a decrease of ocean temp and increase in trade wind strength
- Westward wind gets stronger
- Allowing low cooler water to surface toward South America
- Cloud build up in Southeast Asia
- Wet period in middle eastern U.S
- Drought in South-eastern U.S
- Flood in Australia
- Brings nutrients to south American coast
- Cooler and snowier Canadian winter
- Up welling of cool water
| El Nino- Warm ocean current flow along equator
- Occur every 4-7 years
- Trade wind weakens during El Nino
- Water flows downhill to the east
- Less warm air rises in the west
- As a result less wind is created
- Wind can no longer push warm water from the coast of South America
- Warm water pushes cooler, unwilling water
- No up welling to fertilize phytoplankton
- El Niño produces a lot of evaporation
- More cloud build up in South America
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