La Nina & El Nino: Summary

La Nina

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Pacific temperature cooler than normal
Last 9-12 months
Pacific Ocean drops 3-5 degrees
Reoccurs every 3-7 years
Cause by a decrease of ocean temp and increase in trade wind strength
Westward wind gets stronger
Allowing low cooler water to surface toward South America
Cloud build up in Southeast Asia
Wet period in middle eastern U.S
Drought in South-eastern U.S
Flood in Australia
Brings nutrients to south American coast
Cooler and snowier Canadian winter
Up welling of cool water

El Nino

Warm ocean current flow along equator
Occur every 4-7 years
Trade wind weakens during El Nino
Water flows downhill to the east
Less warm air rises in the west
As a result less wind is created
Wind can no longer push warm water from the coast of South America
Warm water pushes cooler, unwilling water
No up welling to fertilize phytoplankton
El Niño produces a lot of evaporation
More cloud build up in South America

La Nina & El Nino: Summary

Author: William Anderson (Schoolworkhelper Editorial Team)