Native American Religions

Traditions of violence relative to Native American religious values and customs have been widely misunderstood and misinterpreted throughout history.  Early stereotypes of the indigenous habitants of the North and South American continents depicted Native Americans as violent, unintelligent, and primitive in their use of technology and resources.   Few records exist regarding the nature of…

Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797): A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

Protofeminist is a term used to define women in a philosophical tradition that anticipated modern feminist concepts yet lived in a time when the term “feminist” was unknown, that is, prior to the 20th century. The precise use of the term is disputed, 18th-century feminism and 19th century feminism being also subsumed under “feminism” proper.…

Effect of European Colonization on First Nation Peoples of Australia

First Nation Peoples lived on their land peacefully and sustainability for tens of thousands of years. But this once disease-free, culturally-rich and clean nation was disrupted and almost destroyed by the British settlers when they invaded with the First Fleet in 1788. The devastating impacts of colonisation were so great that they are still affecting…

John Snow: Contributions to Society & Modern Epidemiology

John Snow, who was a practicing obstetrician in London during the Victorian era speculated that cholera, (originated from a contaminated water supply pump on Broad Street. Mayo Clinic (2017) has reported that “cholera is a bacterial disease usually spread through contaminated water. Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal in…