“We are 100 years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this lag in ten years. Either we do it, or they crush us!” Josef Stalin, speech to the Fourth Plenum of Industrial Managers, Feb. 4, 1931. Lenin had decided abandon the socialization of agriculture and the communization of property under the NEP of…
One of the most obvious signs of prosperity in the 1920s was the growth of the automobile industry. Henry Ford dreamed of making an inexpensive car that almost anyone could afford to buy. Ford decided to apply to car manufacturing a method of mass production that was being used in some industries. Ford set up…
March 1938 – ‘Anschluss’ German troops cross the border into Austria and take control. Britain and France don’t react because of the policy of appeasement. October, 1938 – Munich Pact Hitler demanded that an area of Czechoslovakia known as the ‘Sudetenland’ be returned to Germany. In order to appease Hitler and avoid war, British Prime…
The big 3 all had different needs and objectives from the Treaty of Versailles, most of the allies had different aims, to aid themselves, the French wanted security, whilst the USA wanted a progressive peace. But other articles from the treaty were designed to support themselves together, for example article 231: the War Guilt Clause,…
How the war was going for Germany’s army How the war affected Germans at home in Germany 1939 · Hitler was in control of much of western and eastern Europe. o High morale. · Many people still remembered the horrors of the First World War. · Food and clothe rationing was introduced. · Luxury…
Essentially the Policy of Appeasement did not succeed with the nations it was designed to protect: it failed to prevent war. The failure of the Policy was largely deemed on that Appeasement was misconceived; Hitler’s ambitions to increase Germany’s borders and to expand Lebensraum, stretched much further than the legitimate grievances of Versailles. For example,…
It could be argued that the cause of the hyperinflation of Germany in 1923 was due to both the internal causes such as Germany’s government policies and the external causes such as the Treaty of Versailles, demanding Germany to pay reparations. The internal causes including Germany’s government policies quickly became quite unpleasant with the German…
Do you think equality is important to society? In my opinion, even in the current so-called civil society, the wish of equality between man and woman is hard to achieve. In China, domestic violence is still rife. So I’m not surprised when I read “Lives of the Saints” which was written by Nino Ricci. Cristina,…
Hunting: was enjoyed by aristocratic populace (slave bears, horses, dog. Lion hunting; were the preview of royalty; sport of nobility Fishing: was seen as more of a job; Ancient sources mention one fishmonger wining the Olympia Aquatic sports: such as swimming were only used as a way of training for other sports (recreational, not competitive)…
Ancient Greek Women place was at home, they had no place at the games Two classes of women in ancient Greek culture: Wife & a Hetaira (companion) Hetairai: more sophisticated, cultured (however not fit for the home) Nude women are found, but not in athletic contexts (often in beauty shop [Kale: beautiful] or at most…
Chrematitic (Chremata= money) Either sponsored by a city-state or a sanctuary Greeks were most proud of their stephanitic victory but also were proud of their chrematitic victories (Greek athlete mixed his prizes from both type of event together) Fame of the chrematitic games usually depended on how much prize money was offered If sponsored by…
Event consists of 5 prizes Stadion/ Wrestling- were apart of both the pentathlon & Olympia Discus, Halma (jump) and Akon (javelin throw) Competitor must do well in ALL events to have a chance of being crowned a victor Not sure if discus were standardized (made of bronze (2kg) or sometimes iron), athletes could have potentially…
Stephanitic: crown; four athletic festivals; Olympic Games, Nemean Games, Isthmain Games, Pythian Games Stadion: one stadion= 600 ancient feet. (Gymnikos Agon- nude competition); modern equivalent- 200m sprint Run knee high/ arm extended (only event from 776-724) Victor gave his name for 4 year Olympiad (use Olympiads to reckon time) Then Diaulos (400m was added to…
Hammurabi In his position as King of Babylonia, Hammurabi managed to organize the world’s first code of laws and establish Babylon as the dominant and successful Amorite city of its time. “Records written on clay tablets show that Hammurabi was a very capable administrator and a successful warrior. His rule spanned from 1792 B.C. to…
Minstrels, or traveling thespians, thrived throughout Europe in medieval times. The term minstrel referred to a professional entertainer of any kind from the 12th century to the 17th century. Minstrels were instrumentalist, but were also often jugglers, acrobats, and storytellers. Although minstrels no longer exist, they played an important role in medieval history and, at…
Marilyn Monroe (Norma Jeane Mortenson) was born on the first of June, 1926, in the charity ward of the Los Angeles General Hospital to Gladys Baker. Due to the identity of her father being undetermined, she was later baptized Norma Jeane Baker. Most of the childhood of Norma Jeane was spent in foster homes and…
Ask anyone to name a great modern architect and a few names will come up repeatedly. One of these people is Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. As one of the brilliant architects of the twentieth century, he made huge strides in the field of architecture and opened many doors for future designers. Never meaning to…
People all around the world know the voice of James Earl Jones. From Star Wars fans listening to the voice of Darth Vader to news junkies who hear a voice that dramatically intones “This is CNN” just before all the cable network’s station breaks to children who hear the stately voice of the majestic Mufasa,…
Helena P. Blavatsky was born H elene Petrovna von Hahn on August 12, 1831 (new style calendar), in Ekaterinoslav, now Dnepropetrovsk, Russia. Her father, Peter von Hahn, a captain in the horse artillery of the Russian army, was a direct descendent of Count von Rottenstern-Hahn of Mecklenburg, Germany, who had emigrated to Russia in the…
Georges Bizet, who is best known for his opera, Carmen, has remained somewhat of a mystery as far as his musical education, social life, and personal life. He is not like so many other composers and musicians of the Romantic Period who led a highly publicized life like Hector Berlioz, Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, or Johannes…
