Jean Jacques Rousseau, a French political philosopher, published The Social Contract in 1762, during the peak of the French Enlightenment.[1] Rousseau argued that no one person was entitled to have natural authority over others.[2] He continued his argument by suggesting that an agreement should be formed, in which all individuals give up their natural liberty…
In 1929, Joseph Stalin, the Communist leader, started a revolution that would transform the Soviet Union’s economy. A major aspect of the Stalin revolution consisted of the forced collectivization of agriculture. From 1929-1933, the collectivization drive met resistance, resulting in the liquidation of an estimated five million successful peasants called Kulaks.[1] In 1978, Lev Kopelev…
Aftermath of the War: 480-477 Thessaly, Macedonia sided with Persia, not all the Greeks resisted What did the Greek who won want to do with all the land along the Aegean Sparta was the leader, everyone looked to them, they were the strategist Spartans were sort of sluggish, never thought about establishing an empire, very…
Classical Greek Art and Architecture Greek Classical art considered the quintessence of art, the high point of ancient Greece art, of all art Athens, so wealthy, so forward, most sculptors, most evidence comes from Athens Even if sculptors weren’t from Athens, they moved there to practice their art Evidence is so limited from 480BCE- to…
The Analects, written and compiled by some of the world’s greatest ancient thinkers is the basis of Chinese and East Asian intellectual thought. The writing is a collection of Confucius’ teachings and concepts later rectified by his pupils shortly after his death. These teachings later established themselves to be one of the most historically influential…
Assyrians “Bandit-Kings”, destroyed in 612 BC First major aggressive power in this part of the world Would terrorize villages to get food and money and then would leave Never took control of an area If they were obeyed, it was fine, but if a village disobeyed, they were very ferocious Final China, Egypt, Babylon and…
Homer and History Influential poet, every Athenian schoolboy studied and knew his works by heart A guild, the Homeridae claiming to be descendants of Homer devotes their lives to the recitations of his poems (rhapsodes, did professional recitations of Homer) Apart from his name, all aspects of Homer are controversial, the exact time of his…
Plato’s greatest pupil, never found Socrates His beliefs contrasted Plato & Socrates Plato & Socrates tries to deduce things using his mind, what is love? As if trying to explain something very abstract, the form of love Aristotle uses raw data, would interview people, use information, say this is love, first great research scientist that…
Transition from Greek world to Roman world, if it wasn’t for what he did, the Romans wouldn’t have found this preserved Greek empire When Roman conquered what Alexander conquered they inherited the Greek culture, saw the transition of the two glorious eras Throughout the eastern Mediterranean, the Romans met with Greek literature, art, gymnasiums, acted as…
Russian invasion in 1979 basically destroyed education as many of the teachers fled the country. The curriculum mainly consisted of religious education instead of math, science, literature, etc. 1996 Taliban banned females from going to school Mosque schools were the only schooling options for most 2003 after overthrow of Taliban, 7000 schools were open and…
Source Analysis Primary source: i.e. image of woman attended by a slave, who made this? Be very critical, can we trust it? Is this an ideal image of the men or reality? We don’t have any sources from women, all evidence is for men made by men Oikos: family, just the immediate family living under…
The Han dynasty, a time period that saw China’s epitome of glory, created some of the greatest accomplishments that have substantially impacted both the world of the past and present. It was during the Han dynasty when The Silk Road was first established, providing a portal for the east to come into contact with the…
In the 20th century, many countries worldwide were constantly struggling against each other to achieve and maintain a high reputation. Canada was at a very high position in the world because the success of their soldiers in the many wars they have fought and their peacekeeping operations. Canada attained such a high reputation because of…
Early Life Muslims believe that a child is free from sin and that the child has a natural inclination towards goodness and virtue. The ceremony that is performed after a child is born is called Adhan which is also the call to prayer that is recited from minartes in Muslim countries. The baby is washed…
Muhammad was born about AD 570 in the city of Mecca, an important trading center in western Arabia. He was a member of the Hashim clan of the powerful Quraysh tribe. Because Muhammad’s father, Abd Allah, died before he was born and his mother, Amina, when he was 6 years old, he was placed in…
In the 1930s, all the world was struggling to get by, trapped in the international financial stranglehold now known as the Depression. While most countries were plagued by economic difficulty, none was so affected as Germany. As the defeated party in world war one, the Germans were responsible for the brunt of a war reparations…
The Industrial Revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuries gave birth to several innovative thinkers and industrialists. With their countless contributions to the industrial process, these people made Western society economically, socially, and politically sound, as it is today. However, this progress conflicts enormously with the modern concepts of morality. The exploitation of workers and…
Jerusalem is a sacred city within the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church, and its loss to the Muslims has been argued by many historians to be the reason for the initiation and perpetuation of the eight crusades, as Jerusalem is where the Crusades were primarily focussed[1]. However, it is easy to disagree with such…
“If I were a woman, I’d simply refuse to speak to any man or do anything for men until I got the vote…Women should have a revolution! They should shoot, kill, maim, destroy- until they are given the vote.”[1]. This opinion was expressed by esteemed writer and British icon George Bernard Shaw in 1905-the cusp…
A chartered company was an organization of merchants who were the recipients of a royal charter, granting them the exclusive right to trade as a monopoly in specific areas of the world.[i] The significance of chartered companies was their role in the development of colonization and imperialism.[ii] As the only domestic organization in their specific…