Lab Explained: Properties of the Ionic Compounds

Research Question: What are some of the properties of ionic compounds? Background: Ionic compounds are formed from a crystal lattice, a cation ionically bonded with anion in an alternating three-dimensional pattern, whose bond strength determines the compound’s properties. Ionic crystals have high melting and boiling points. They conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted.…

Lab Answers: Concentration of Salt Solution Affects the Change in Mass of a Cylinder of Potato?

Background Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high-concentration region to a low-concentration region (Guyton and Hall, 2021). Only the free water molecules in the solution can move; the solute molecules remain stationary (Raven, Johnson, and Mason, 2014). Osmosis continues until the concentration of water molecules on either side of the membrane reaches…

Ammonium Chloride (NH4CL) Solubility: Lab Explained

Model 1: What impact does temperature have on NH4CL solubility in water? Model 2: How will changing the limiting reactant impact the procedure’s outcome? Model 3: How does the number of intermediates involved in the reaction affect the accuracy of Hess’s Law’s prediction of the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction? Introduction Three different experiments…

Investigating the Properties of Concave and Convex Lenses: Lab Report Asnwers

PURPOSE The purpose of the experiment is to validate the lens equation and the magnification equation by measuring the image distance from a fixed focal length and the object distance from the thin lens using concave and convex lenses. QUESTION How does an object’s image position and size (magnification) vary with different object distances from…

Percent Composition Lab Explained & Answers

In this experiment, you will determine the mass percent of carbon produced in the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate produced from the following chemical equation: Reacting sodium bicarbonate (sodium hydrogen carbonate) with sulfuric acid will produce a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas. According to the Law of Definite Composition, the mass percentage of carbon produced…

Diffusion, Osmosis & Water Potential Lab: Explained

Purpose: To critically explore how osmosis occurs within a semi-permeable membrane with a variety of concentrations of sugar solutions. Hypothesis: If the 20% concentrated sucrose solution is placed in distilled water, then the weight of the dialysis bag will increase because the fluid within the dialysis bag is hypertonic to the environment. Thus, they will…

Redox Titration Lab: Explained

Purpose: To calculate the percentage of H2O2 in a bottle of drugstore hydrogen peroxide by titrating with a standardized potassium permanganate solution. Background: Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, is easily oxidized. It is used in commercial bleaching processes and wastewater treatment plants as an environmentally friendly alternative to chlorine. Dilute solutions of H2O2 are used to bleach…