What is Ozone?-Ozone is a gas made up of three oxygen atoms (O3). It occurs naturally in small (trace) amounts in the upper atmosphere (the stratosphere). O + O3 → 2 O2 Chlorofluorocarbons and ozone Many people have heard that chemicals called CFCs, short for chlorofluorocarbons, cause the ozone hole. CFCs escape into the atmosphere…
Plants Theory (recent): Given by University research team Global cooling was caused by reduction of carbon in the atmosphere due to the first appearance of plants (photosynthesis) Less greenhouse gas (carbon) to prevent escape of infrared radiation which leads to cooler temperatures (less heat trapped) Plants (ex. moss) extract calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron which…
The volcanic ash cloud created by a volcanic blast can change interactions between the atmosphere and sun, affecting climate patterns. When a volcano erupts, the main things that come out of it are sulfur dioxide, water vapor, dust, and ash that go into the atmosphere. The eruption of a volcano can cause a cooling or…
What is tundra? World’s coldest and driest biomes Located at latitudes 55° to 70° North( circumnavigating the North pole) 3 types of tundra: Arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra vast and treeless land which covers about 20% of the Earth’s surface cold, and the land is pretty stark low growing plants like mosses, heaths,…
La Nina Pacific temperature cooler than normal Last 9-12 months The Pacific Ocean drops 3-5 degrees Reoccurs every 3-7 years Cause by a decrease in ocean temp and increase in trade wind strength The westward wind gets stronger Allowing low cooler water to surface toward South America Cloud build up in Southeast Asia The wet…
The process of the ocean water on Earth circulating due to heat and salinity. Thermo stands for heat, haline stands for salt. The less dense warm water flows over the more dense cool water This current is vulnerable to rising temperatures The salinity of the ocean water is decreasing near the poles due to the…
The IPCC is known as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and was established in 1988 by the UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) and the WMO (World Meteorological Organization). It is one of the leading panels on the assessment of climate change. They provide scientific assessments about the risk of climate change. ROLES OF IPCC:…
What is Happening? The Greenland ice sheet is melting. The ice sheet melting will result in less saline (less dense) water entering the North Atlantic Ocean and floating on top of it instead of sinking, causing less and less deep water currents to moderate the globe’s climate, especially Northern Europe’s. Deep water currents are mainly…
Mass: mass is the amount of material in an object. Mass is measured with a balance, usually in grams or kilograms. Volume: volume is the amount of space occupied by an object. Volume is measured using a graduated cylinder or is determined by calculation using the dimensions of the object. Volume is measured in cm3, m3, mL,…
Introduction The different types of sugars used in fermentation had a significant impact on the amount of carbon dioxide produced. Glucose produced the most with a gas bubble of 132mm while sucrose yielded 102mm of carbon dioxide. Method The gas by-product in fructose measured only 56mm. The control with no sugar resulted in 0mm of…
1. Renewable energy source: a source of energy; such as water, which can be replaced or restocked in a human lifetime. 2. Non-renewable energy source: a source of energy; such as fossil fuels and uranium, which cannot be replaced or restocked in a human lifetime. 3. Negative charges: the type of electrical charges that can…
1. Atom – the smallest unit of an element that displays the same properties as the element, for example, hydrogen. 2. Atomic number – The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; for example, the atomic number for helium is 2. 3. Chemical formula – A short form used to represent a molecule;…
Ventricles= expansions of the brain’s central cavity Filled with CSF, lined with ependymal cells Continuous with each other, central canal, and spinal cord 1st/2nd= paired lateral ventricles (lie in cerebral hemispheres) [separated by septum pellucidum– transparent wall] 3rd ventricle lies within diencephalon [connected to each lateral ventricles by interventricular foreamen] In midbrain is central cavity…
Purpose The purpose of this lab was to evaluate the increase in velocity with time during a free fall. Also, to determine the position from the start of the fall. Hypothesis It is hypothesized that the object that is dropped will endure gradual change acceleration in acceleration. The acceleration for the object in the velocity-time…
Richard James invented the Slinky along with his wife Betty. The couple was fearful that there would be no interest in such an ordinary-looking toy. They were worried enough to give their own friend a dollar to buy one! After their first demonstration, they sold around 400 Slinkys. Slinkys were a hit. The Slinky can…
Diencephalon: forms central core of forebrain, surrounded by cerebral hemispheres. Made of 3 paired structures: 1) thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. Thalamus: egg-shaped (known as the inner room) has midline connection called interthalamic adhesion ***EVERY part of the brain that communicated with the cerebral cortex must relay its signals through a nucleus of the thalamus. Hypothalamus:…
A conductor is a substance in which electrons can move freely from one atom to another. An insulator is a substance in which electrons cannot move from one atom to another. Common Conductors and Insulators Good Conductors Fair Conductors Good Insulators (Non-conductors) Silver Carbon Oil Copper Human body Fur Gold Moist human skin Silk Aluminum…
There has been an extensive history in the development of In Vitro Fertilisation. This is evident in the scientific discoveries and advances in medical procedures. In addition, the church and society have made scientific contributions to the debate concerning In Vitro Fertilisation techniques. The discovering of human ova and sperm during the 1800’s provided a…
Many of you know her as Dorothy from the Wizard of Oz. But there was much more trouble behind Judy Garland than just a pair of ruby slippers. At the young and innocent age of 17, she starred in her 7th film, “The Wizard of Oz”. The same year she had her hand and shoe…
A volcano is a vent in the earth from which molten rock and gas erupt. The molten rock that erupts from the volcano forms a hill or mountain around the vent. The lava may flow out as a viscous liquid or it may explode from the vent as solid or liquid particles. Kinds of Volcanic…