Viruses *Viruses and bacteria are present everywhere – in the air, on the ground, in the water, on inanimate objects, and even in and around your body. -Some of these microorganisms are important in nature’s nutrient cycles and in the food and pharmaceutical industries, while others can cause diseases. What is a virus? Virus: a…
The Record of Life *Everything changes over time. The Earth has changed dramatically during the estimated 4.6 billion years it has existed. – All of the biodiversity present on Earth today is a result of the evolution of unicellular organisms that lived billions of years ago. – Evolution: the change in populations over time – …
Both abiotic and biotic factors determine both where an organism can live and how much a population can grow. A limiting factor is a factor that restricts the size of a population from reaching its full potential. The amount of food & water in a habitat is an example of a limiting factor. Other factors…
As discussed in class, water is an essential of all living things. Watersheds are important to freshwater ecosystems. Watersheds are an area of land through which all water drains into a single river or lake. The runoff in a watershed can have dramatic effects on an ecosystem. Since oceans cover more than 70% of the…
Radioactive elements have a half-life. Half-life occurs naturally in some of the radioactive elements while it could be artificially stimulated in some other elements. The half life of any given element is the time that is required for one half of the sample to decay. For example: If you have 10 grams of a radioactive…
IE is related to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. If an element has more than one electron to be removed, it will have more than one ionization Energy (IE) The first ionization energy is defined as the energy required to remove the outer most electron from a neutral atom in…
of Protists: Eukaryotic Most unicellular, some multicellular Some have a cell wall, some do not Some are motile, some are not Some have pigments, some do not Many different feeding methods (phototrophic, heterotrophic, etc.) Most aerobic No complex sex organs – no embryos Lack specialized features of fungi, animals and plants Classifying Protists: Three groups,…
Bacteria are prokaryotic and unicellular (although some join together to form colonies or link up in chains). When people think of bacteria, they immediately think of diseases – but disease-causing bacteria only make up a small fraction of all bacteria. Bacteria play an important role in ecosystems (decomposers, nitrogen fixation), and in edible products (cheese,…
Organisms in Archaea live in extreme conditions, such as: Very hot (hot springs, volcanoes, sea floor vents) Very cold Acidic Alkaline Salty High pressure All Archaea are prokaryotic and live in anaerobic conditions (no oxygen) … they obtain the energy they require from inorganic molecules or from light. Originally, organisms from the Archaea were classified…
Always start on low power with a clean slide. The stage of the microscopes should be down as low as possible. Centre the slide so the specimen is underneath the objective lens. Use the Coarse adjustment knob to obtain a general focus. You will be slowly raising the stage until a focus is achieved. Use…
All things are made up of molecules When things get heated, they absorb heat energy With more energy, molecules are able to move faster When molecules move faster, the temperature rises What is Thermal Energy Thermal Energy is energy resulting from the motion of particles It is a form of kinetic energy and is transferred…
SOME MAJOR BENEFITS A larger, stronger, and more efficient heart muscle Decrease in your resting heart rate Increase in your VO2max Healthier blood vessels Increase in the number of capillaries in muscle and lungs Increase in blood volume and red blood cell (RBC) count Decrease in low density lipoprotein (LDL) and increase in high density…
NUTRITION The study of the nutrients in foods and of the body’s handling of them. This includes ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism, interaction, storage, and excretion. FOOD Material containing nutrients taken into the body for the maintenance of life and the growth and repair of tissues. NUTRIENTS Substances obtained from food and used in the…
THE PRINCIPLE OF INDIVIDUALITY (aka INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES) Any training program must take into account the specific needs and abilities of the individuals for whom it is designed -we are not created equal with respect to adapting to exercise training -heredity plays a major role; except for identical twins, no 2 people have the same genetic…
The study of the mechanisms by which the body functions Anatomy was the forerunner of physiology Study how our organ systems, tissues, cells, and molecules within cells work and how their functions are integrated to regulate our internal environments Exercise physiology The study of how our bodies’ structures and functions are altered when we are…
For human beings, the more we perform almost any skill, the better we become at it. In addition, as we physically grow and develop, our ability to master increasingly complicated skills is enhanced. Motor Learning the process by which a person develops, through a combination of physical and psychological factors, the ability to perform a…
The earth, its relation to the stars and planets, and speculations as to its origin attracted human curiosity long before the birth of the geological sciences. Although such studies fall more properly within the realm of astronomy,’ a brief survey of the earth and its planetary relations will provide the reader with some understanding of…
The earth is but one of nine planets which make up our solar system. But to humans Earth is by far the most important of all planets, for it is our home. It is also, so far as we know, the only planet which supports any type of life. Whence came the earth? How and…
The earth consists of air, water, and land. We recognize these more technically as the atmosphere, a gaseous envelope surrounding the earth; the hydrosphere, the waters filling the depressions and covering almost 71 percent of the earth; and the lithosphere, the solid part of the earth which underlies the atmosphere and hydrosphere. The Atmosphere. The…
THE LITHOSPHERE The part of the earth that is made up of rocks and minerals, consists of the uppermost layers of the earth Came into being billions of years ago and still continues to change and evolve Changes to the worlds land masses, tectonic plates Volcanoes, earthquakes THE HYDROSPHERE The part of the earth made…