The 2 main branches of Chemistry are Organic and Inorganic chemistry. The difference between an organic and an inorganic compound is that organic compounds have a Carbon in its chemical structure, while inorganic compounds usually do not have this element. Organic Chemistry studies the structure, properties, composition, and reactions of compounds that contain carbon. These…
Introduction The purpose of this lab was to use the microscope and identify cells such as animal cells and plant cells. This subject is important because in Biology, we will be using the microscope many times during different laboratory exercises. The microscope is used for looking at many specimens that cannot be seen with the…
Introduction: The rate at which an object cools (i.e. how quickly its temperature decreases) depends upon several factors, including: Surface area Volume Type of insulation Temperature difference with the surroundings For this investigation, the effect of the temperature of water upon the rate of cooling will be investigated. The temperature-drop over 5 minutes (600 seconds)…
ABSTRACT: This experiment was conducted to investigate the selective permeability of dialysis tubing. The permeability of the tubing to glucose, starch and iodine (potassium iodide) was tested. The dialysis tubing was clipped to form a bag so that glucose and starch was fed into the bag through the other end, and was also clipped to…
Definition Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy. In preeclampsia, the woman has dangerously high blood pressure, swelling (edema) and protein in the urine (proteinuria). Blood pressure rises from 140/90 mm Hg to 160/110 mm Hg. High blood pressure is first noted sometime after week 20 of pregnancy and is accompanied by protein in the urine…
A disease characterized by variable, recurrent, reversible airway obstruction with intermittent episode of wheezing and dyspnea. It is associated with bronchial hypersensitivity and inflammation caused by various stimuli. Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood with 5% to 10% of school-aged children having symptoms of asthma. Asthma may develop on infants, but it…
Coronary artery disease is a condition in which fatty deposits (atheroma) accumulate in the cells lining the wall of the coronary arteries. These fatty deposits build up gradually and irregularly in the large branches of the two main coronary arteries which encircle the heart and are the main source of its blood supply. This process…
SKELETAL SYSTEM Sitting, standing, walking, picking up a pencil and taking a breath all involve the skeletal system. Without the skeletal system to support our bodies, we would have no rigid framework to support the soft tissues of the body and no systems of levers so critical for movement. The skeletal system consists of bones…
A distinguishing feature of lower airway and pulmonary vessel disorders is the presence of dyspnea. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is a subjective experience that results when air flow, oxygen exchange, or both are impaired. The sensation of uncomfortable breathing can be as distressing as pain and can lead to severe functional disability. The intensity and…
Atoms, Molecules, and Quantum Mechanics Avogadro’s number = 6.022 × 1023 Cations are smaller than the original ions; anions are larger than the original ions Five periodic trends Ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity increase from left to right, bottom to top Atomic radius and metallic character increase from right to left, top to…
Purpose: Two observe two different single displacement reactions. Hypothesis: When zinc is added to copper (II) sulfate, a single displacement reaction will take place, creating a solid, copper, and zinc sulfate. When zinc is added to hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas will be released a solid, zinc chloride, will be formed. Materials: Hydrochloric acid Zinc Copper…
Solve the following questions using what you know about projectile motion. A roadrunner runs directly off a cliff with an initial velocity of 3.5 m/s. What are the components of this velocity? Vx = 3.5 m/s Vy = 0 m/s What will be the horizontal velocity 2 seconds after the bird leaves the…
An object is projected horizontally at 8.0 m/s from the top of a 122.5 m cliff. How far from the base of the cliff will the object strike the ground? An arrow is shot at 30.0° angle with the horizontal. It has a velocity of 49 m/s. a) How high will it go? b)…
Introduction: The principal component of vinegar is acetic acid- HC2H3O2, and also a little bit of water. While analyzing vinegar and the percent composition of acetic acid in it, an acid/base reaction was performed by adding NaOH, a base, to vinegar, the acid. NaOH was added in small amounts at a time to a beaker…
Introduction: Energy is used in any type of reaction that causes a substance to change its phase. When heating a solid, energy is put into the substance, causing the substance to gain energy. If heating continues on the solid, a phase transition will occur and the solid will melt to a liquid. The amount of…
WARNING: The purpose of cheat sheets are to act as a study aid. By making your own cheat sheet, it will aid in both memorization and integration of key concepts. Simply copying this cheat sheet will likely not be of much use during a test. Please take the time to write out your own cheat…
Introduction: An acid-base titration is a procedure that can be conducted to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base. In an acid-base titration, a certain amount of a titrant with a known concentration is added to completely neutralize the titrand— the unknown concentration, reaching the equivalence point. The equivalence point is reached when…
Introduction: Kinetics in chemistry deals with the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs. This rate, which is referred to as the reaction rate, is defined as the change in concentration of a reactant or product with time, and is measured in M/s. The rate of a reaction is proportional to the concentration of reactants.…
Introduction: According to Beer’s Law, A=Ebc, under ideal conditions, a substance’s concentration and its absorbance are directly proportional: a high-concentration solution absorbs more light, and solution of lower concentration absorbs less light. Since concentration and absorbance are proportional, Beer’s Law makes it possible to determine an unknown concentration of phosphate after determining the absorbance. The…
Introduction: The Ideal Gas Law can be used to find any missing variable when all of the others are present. The Ideal Gas Law is stated in the equation, PV=nRT, where P is the gas pressure in atmospheres, V is volume that the gas occupies in liters, n is the number of moles of…
