Introduction Yeast is commonly known as a baking material for making bread and beer. However, under biological jargon it is a group of eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms that makes up almost 1% of all fungal species.1 They are found in soils and on plant surfaces, like flower nectar and fruits, and they reproduce asexually through budding.…
Water is one of the most crucial sources for life on Earth, often causing problems when at lack. Local economic, environmental, and social conflicts are caused by water scarcity. Such conflicts derive from the economic benefits for the company, water privatization, by companies such as Nestle – Nestle Pure Life (bottled water). These big companies…
Introduction The Yangtze River, or “Child of the ocean” is the longest river in both China and Asia, as well as the third-longest river in the world. The river measures about 6,300 kilometers, with its glacial meltwaters extending from the Tanggula Mountains in Tibet to the East China Sea near the city of Shanghai, and…
Background information: Photosynthesis is the process in which plants go through to produce energy in the form of glucose required to survive. It is a chemical reaction that involves the use of carbon dioxide, water, and light. This process of photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts that are found in the leaves of the plant.…
Property Metals Nonmetals Metalloids Luster Metals reflects light from their surface and can be polished for example in gold, silver and copper. Nonmetals does not reflect light. They are not lustrous. Malleability Metals can withstand hammering and can be shaped into thin sheets such as foils. Nonmetals are non-malleable. Metalloids are not malleable. Ductility Metals…
Colour blindness is a condition which occurs when people are unable to see colours normally or not at all. There are many forms of colour blindness, the two most common being red-green colour blindness and blue-yellow colour blindness. A person with normal colour vision could probably see about 1-10 million distinct colours, whereas a colour-blind…
Anatomy: There are two main sections to the ear the central and the peripheral hearing parts. The peripheral hearing parts consist of the outer, middle, and inner ear. The outer ear contains the pinna/auricle, the eardrum, and the ear canal. The middle ear is a small space filled with air, that contains 3 tiny bones…
Introduction During a grip motion, the skeletal muscles in the arm and hand are used to generate and maintain the grip (Schoenfeld, 2012). Figure 1 shows the muscles, including the deltoids, triceps, biceps, and palmar muscles, that are involved in controlling movement and strength in the hand. Motor functions are controlled directly by the CNS…
INTRODUCTION The cell membrane surrounds the cell and is responsible for the regulation of substances within the cell. There are many processes in which substances can travel through the membrane, one being osmosis. Osmosis is a form of passive transport (no energy required) and is a type of diffusion in liquid substances. It is the…
Introduction Palm Oil is a vegetable oil extracted from oil palm trees. Its scientific name is Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Palm Oil grows best in tropical climates with rich water. One of the main locations for Palm oil production is in Indonesia and Malaysia. There are two types of palm oil. One of them is Crude…
Rationale Photosynthesis represented by the equation 6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2 is one of the most crucial chemical reactions on earth as it produces O2 molecules– a gas vital to the survival of many organisms (Vidyasagar, 2018) This process takes place during the light dependent phase of photosynthesis and is indicated by the…
After collecting the following data and observations, the unknown liquid, #19UL11, was determined to be 2-Butanone. 2-Butanone is a ketone with a boiling point of 80 degrees Celsius, and a molecular weight of 72.11 g/mol. This data was confirmed by the boiling point determined in lab which was 68 degrees celsius, and from the GCMS…
John Snow, who was a practicing obstetrician in London during the Victorian era speculated that cholera, (originated from a contaminated water supply pump on Broad Street. Mayo Clinic (2017) has reported that “cholera is a bacterial disease usually spread through contaminated water. Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal in…
Introduction Hemophilia is a rare inherited genetic disorder that affects only one in every 10,000-40,000 people, depending on the type (Cimino, 2018). The disorder has two types, Hemophilia A, and Hemophilia B. Hemophilia A is a deficiency of growth factor VIII, and Hemophilia B is a deficiency of growth factor IX. Both growth factors are…
Whether you believe in a flat Earth, the heliocentric model or you think the Earth is a large, spherical dodecahedron with an all mighty solenoid dictating life itself, Neil Degrasse Tyson’s words will always apply to you. “To be scientifically literate is to empower yourself to know when someone else is full of bullshit” (Tyson,…
Research Question How does salinity affect the seed germination of Solanum lycopersicum? Introduction Relevance to Real world Covering 14% of Australia and home to over two million people, the Murray Darling Basin is Australia’s largest and most iconic river system (figure 1) (McCormick, 2015). As over one-third of Australia’s food supply is produced by the…
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The digestive system is a system where your food goes through. It begins with you eating your food, which goes through your mouth. Saliva contains something called enzyme which breaks down your food. The food then goes down the Oesophagus, a tube that runs from your mouth, all the way to your stomach.…
Introduction Rust is an iron oxide, a usually red oxide formed by the redox reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water or air moisture.[1] While rust in itself can be viewed as an inconvenience more than anything else, it can cause significant problems. It is known to encourage the growth of a…
Introduction: Basketball is an internationally known sport and is practiced by several different groups of people around several different areas in the world; in fact, it is one of the most popular sports in the world at the moment. To ensure a proper game of basketball, you need to have a good amount of elasticity…
Research question: How will increasing the voltage (v) to 5v, 10v, 20v, 35v, and then 50v affect the amount of current (Amps) measured by an ammeter, keeping the resistance (ohms) at 12 ohms and the wire length of 10cm constant, in a series circuit to prove ohms law? Background information on Ohm’s law: Ohms law…