Introduction During a grip motion, the skeletal muscles in the arm and hand are used to generate and maintain the grip (Schoenfeld, 2012). Figure 1 shows the muscles, including the deltoids, triceps, biceps, and palmar muscles, that are involved in controlling movement and strength in the hand. Motor functions are controlled directly by the CNS…
INTRODUCTION The cell membrane surrounds the cell and is responsible for the regulation of substances within the cell. There are many processes in which substances can travel through the membrane, one being osmosis. Osmosis is a form of passive transport (no energy required) and is a type of diffusion in liquid substances. It is the…
Introduction Palm Oil is a vegetable oil extracted from oil palm trees. Its scientific name is Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Palm Oil grows best in tropical climates with rich water. One of the main locations for Palm oil production is in Indonesia and Malaysia. There are two types of palm oil. One of them is Crude…
Rationale Photosynthesis represented by the equation 6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2 is one of the most crucial chemical reactions on earth as it produces O2 molecules– a gas vital to the survival of many organisms (Vidyasagar, 2018) This process takes place during the light dependent phase of photosynthesis and is indicated by the…
After collecting the following data and observations, the unknown liquid, #19UL11, was determined to be 2-Butanone. 2-Butanone is a ketone with a boiling point of 80 degrees Celsius, and a molecular weight of 72.11 g/mol. This data was confirmed by the boiling point determined in lab which was 68 degrees celsius, and from the GCMS…
John Snow, who was a practicing obstetrician in London during the Victorian era speculated that cholera, (originated from a contaminated water supply pump on Broad Street. Mayo Clinic (2017) has reported that “cholera is a bacterial disease usually spread through contaminated water. Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal in…
Introduction Hemophilia is a rare inherited genetic disorder that affects only one in every 10,000-40,000 people, depending on the type (Cimino, 2018). The disorder has two types, Hemophilia A, and Hemophilia B. Hemophilia A is a deficiency of growth factor VIII, and Hemophilia B is a deficiency of growth factor IX. Both growth factors are…
Whether you believe in a flat Earth, the heliocentric model or you think the Earth is a large, spherical dodecahedron with an all mighty solenoid dictating life itself, Neil Degrasse Tyson’s words will always apply to you. “To be scientifically literate is to empower yourself to know when someone else is full of bullshit” (Tyson,…
Research Question How does salinity affect the seed germination of Solanum lycopersicum? Introduction Relevance to Real world Covering 14% of Australia and home to over two million people, the Murray Darling Basin is Australia’s largest and most iconic river system (figure 1) (McCormick, 2015). As over one-third of Australia’s food supply is produced by the…
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The digestive system is a system where your food goes through. It begins with you eating your food, which goes through your mouth. Saliva contains something called enzyme which breaks down your food. The food then goes down the Oesophagus, a tube that runs from your mouth, all the way to your stomach.…
Introduction Rust is an iron oxide, a usually red oxide formed by the redox reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water or air moisture.[1] While rust in itself can be viewed as an inconvenience more than anything else, it can cause significant problems. It is known to encourage the growth of a…
Introduction: Basketball is an internationally known sport and is practiced by several different groups of people around several different areas in the world; in fact, it is one of the most popular sports in the world at the moment. To ensure a proper game of basketball, you need to have a good amount of elasticity…
Research question: How will increasing the voltage (v) to 5v, 10v, 20v, 35v, and then 50v affect the amount of current (Amps) measured by an ammeter, keeping the resistance (ohms) at 12 ohms and the wire length of 10cm constant, in a series circuit to prove ohms law? Background information on Ohm’s law: Ohms law…
Variables is a central idea in research, in simple, a variable is a concept that varies. A variable is something that can change, such as ‘gender’ and are typically the focus of a study. Variables are those simplified portions of the complex phenomena that a researcher intend to study. The word variable is derived from…
This is a laboratory report which examines the oxidation of Magnesium and its percent yield. It is a very common lab report assignment for high school students across North America and the UK. The report will look to understand the percent yield of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) after heating varying amounts of Magnesium via a conventional…
Just weeks ago on September 28th, Japan’s governmental health and science ministries officially drafted national guidelines on human gene-editing and manipulation experiments, particularly within embryos (Cyranoski, 2018). Before then, Japan’s stance on genetic experiments had remained neutral. Now it is joining an increasing list of countries who support this genetic innovation. One of the…
Stearic acid is known as Octadecanoic acid, one of the common long-chain fatty acids being a very useful saturated fatty acid present as a combined form and a major component in products such as cocoa and shea butter, and various plant and animal fats. Having 18-carbon as its backbone, the chemical formula of stearic acid…
In mathematics we utilise quadratics and it can represent real life situations such as describing shapes, to show how a product is increasing or decreasing in sales. It has a U shaped curve known as a parabola, it can vary in the being of the parabola are proportional to changes in the square of that…
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND THEORY When electrons travel through wires or other external circuits, they travel in a zigzag pattern that results in a collision between the electrons and the ions in the conductor, and this is known as resistance. The resistance of a wire causes difficulty for the flow of the electrical current of a…
An earthquake is caused due to the movement beneath the earth’s surface. It is caused by the vibration of rocks and the sudden release of energy in the earth’s interior. When two tectonic plates slip past each other and pressure starts to build up at the edges, vibrations called seismic waves are created. The extent…