What are Kidney Stones? Small, hard mineral and acid salt deposits that form inside the kidneys. Often occur when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together. May affect any part of the urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder Stones are classified by their location in the urinary system…
Research Question: What is the effect of changing the angle (ranging from 0° to 90°)at which the “Speed of a Bubble” tube is tilted on the velocity of the bubble going up the tube? Background: For this experiment we used “Speed of a Bubble” tubes. These are long glass tubes filled with a fluid of…
Objective: The purpose of this lab is to approximate the frequency of “head to head” occurrences in a polydisperse solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) using the Flory & Leutner Method. The Flory & Leutner method depends on the notion that a “head to head” linkage is a 1,2 glycol which can be cleaved by periodic…
The leading cause of death in horses is colic. Colic is defined as abdominal pain and is a symptom, not a diagnosis. (Walker) Some causes of this would be improper care, diet, and management practices, but it can be prevented. Colic can be treated if the symptoms aren’t avoided, otherwise can be fatal. There are…
Aim: To investigate how different concentrations of sodium chloride affect the rate of corrosion on iron nails. Theory: Corrosion is the degradation of a metal due to chemical reactions between it and its surrounding environment (Bell, 2015). It is most commonly associated with rust, in particular the rusting of metals such as iron. Iron corrosion…
TLC is thin layer chromatography, chromatography in which compounds are separated on a thin layer of adsorbent material, typically a coating of silica gel on a glass plate or plastic sheet. Lab coats and safety glasses must be worn as Ethanol which is flammable, Ethyl Ethanoate which is volatile, highly flammable and the vapor may…
Abstract In this experiment, 1.41M sodium chloride aqueous solution was prepared and quantitatively transferred into a 250ml volumetric flask to further diluted to 0.141M. The transfer was inspected to be complete by attempting to precipitate with silver nitrate solution. Sand was successfully separated from 600ml water by vacuum filtration. The Pasteur pipet was calibrated to…
Plant-like protest (phytoplankton)… contains flagella, are sensitive to light (eyespots), are autotrophic, and responsible for most of the oxygen in the air. Euglenophyta aka Euglena (plant like) No shells Can be photosynthetic but if in darkness long, will become saprophyte Found in stagnant and fresh water Asexual reproduction via binary fission Pellicle Chrysophyta (diatoms and…
Introduction In this lab, our purpose was to calculate the value of X in the chemical equation CuSO4 ∙ XH2O using our knowledge of percent composition. The only information we were given was that the value of X is somewhere between one and ten which indicates the number of water molecules there are that hydrate…
Atoms An atom is a building block of all matter (all things that are solid/liquid/gas). An atom the smallest single building block that makes up all mater. An atom is made of: protons, neutrons and electrons. Element An element is 2 or more of the same atom. E.g. – O3. The periodic table of elements…
Dissociation – The separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves Net Ionic Equation – Includes only those compounds and ions that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution. Spectator Ions – Ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction and are found in solution both before…
Role of the Circulatory System: A network of blood vessels that distributes gases, nutrients, waster products, and cell products (hormones) and distributes heat Unicellular organisms such as bacteria do not need a circulatory system since they are in direct contract with their environment and activity can take place across the cell membrane Larger organisms need…
Introduction This report presents a paper beam designed to span a 270mm gap between two wooden columns. The beam had to be made of 3 pieces of A4 paper and could only be held together with sticky tape and glue. Experimental Sketches Experimental Procedures Rig: The rig that was used to test the strength of…
Physical properties 1) Physical state – Metals are solids at room temperature e.g. sodium, aluminum ,potassium, magnesium. There are exception to this. Mercury and gallium are metals but they are in liquid state at room temperature. 2) Luster – Metals have a shining surface called luster when freshly prepared. They have a quality of reflecting…
Comparisons Meiosis Mitosis Number of divisions Two Divisions. One cell Division. Number and type of daughter cells produced Results in the formation of four haploid sex cells (gametes) produced. Two diploid identical daughter cells for one cell division. Differences in chromosome arrangement In Metaphase 1, the maternal chromosomes pair with the paternal chromosomes at the…
Animal Mitosis Plant Mitosis Have centrioles, centrosomes, and asters No centrioles, centrosomes or aster: No Migration of centrioles. Cell becomes rounded before cell division No change in shape before cell division Cell division induced by multiple hormone to start cell division; no known specific cell division hormone. Cell division induced by specific hormone called…
Procedure Examine the following chemicals at their various stations: NaCl Ethanol CuSO4 NH4NO3 Kerosene Sulfur CaSO4 Ca(NO3)2 Sucrose Unknown O2 K3Fe(CN)6 Record your observations in a table with the following headings: Name, Formula, Ionic or Molecular, State at RT, Solubility, Colour of Solution, Conductivity of Solution, Melting Point, Boiling Point Analysis Questions Make a…
Henry David Thoreau, author and environmentalist, was the first to write about the elephant in the room and have a large audience read it. His writing made people acknowledge that we need to start conserving our natural resources. With cod almost extinct, and the Staples Thesis complete, it was time for America to change. This…
The 2 main branches of Chemistry are Organic and Inorganic chemistry. The difference between an organic and an inorganic compound is that organic compounds have Carbon in their chemical structure, while inorganic compounds usually do not have this element. Organic Chemistry studies the structure, properties, composition, and reactions of compounds that contain carbon. These molecules…
Introduction The purpose of this lab was to use the microscope and identify cells such as animal cells and plant cells. This subject is important because in Biology, we will be using the microscope many times during different laboratory exercises. The microscope is used for looking at many specimens that cannot be seen with the…